• DB Interface Module User’s Guide
  • PART I Introduction
    • Introduction
      • Overview
      • Features and Benefits
        • Comprehensive Functionality
        • Consistency Across Different Databases
        • Enhanced Performance
      • Module-Specific Software Requirements
        • Compatibility
        • Dependencies
        • Database Connectivity
      • Database Knowledge
      • Examples
      • Products and Services Information
    • Design Overview
      • Basic Architecture
      • Interface and Implementation Classes
        • Database-Dependent and Database-Independent Interface Classes
      • Producers and Products
      • Reference Semantics
      • Memory Allocation
      • Information Flow
    • Class Overview
      • Kinds of Classes
        • Datatype Classes
        • Database Classes
        • Data Manipulation Classes
        • Expression Classes
        • Bulk Classes
        • Open SQL Classes
        • Utility and Diagnostics Classes
        • Callback Classes
      • Summary of Classes
      • Member Function Conventions
  • PART II Using the Basic Features
    • The Database Classes
      • Before You Log On
      • Getting a Connection
      • Managing Connections
        • RWDBDatabase and RWDBConnection
        • Explicit and Implicit Connections
        • Connection Pools
        • Alternatives for Managing Connections
        • Transaction Processing with RWDBConnection
        • Transaction Control and Locking
      • Tables
        • Database Tables
        • Reading Tables: Class RWDBReader
          • Overloading the Extraction Operator
        • Derived Tables
        • Memory Tables
        • Result Tables
        • Summary
      • Table Constraints
        • Table Constraints Classes
        • Column Level Constraints
          • Not Null Constraints
          • Default Column Constraints
          • Identity Column Constraints
        • Table Level Constraints
          • Primary Key Constraints
          • Foreign Key Constraints
          • Unique Table Constraints
          • Check Table Constraints
        • Working with Table Level Constraints
          • Creating Tables with Constraints
          • Adding or Dropping Constraints
          • Fetching Table Constraints
    • The Data Manipulation Classes
      • More on Basic Classes
      • Expressions, Criteria, and Assignments
        • Creating WHERE Clauses and Check Constraints
          • RWDBCriterion and RWDBExpr
        • Assigning New Values to Table Columns
        • Creating CASE Expressions
          • Simple CASE Expressions
          • Searched CASE Expressions
        • Summary
      • Selecting Data
        • Selecting Data from a Single Table
        • Joins
        • Outer Joins
          • Outer Join Constructs in the FROM Clause (ANSI-Compliant)
          • Outer Join Constructs In the WHERE Clause (ANSI-Noncompliant)
        • Composing FROM Clause
        • Ordering and Grouping
        • Aggregates, Expressions, and Functions
        • Self-Joins
        • Subqueries
        • Summary
      • Inserting Data
        • Inserting Values
        • Inserting with a Selector
        • Inserting with a Reader
        • Getting Results from an Inserter
        • A Note About Connections
        • Summary
      • Updating Data
        • Subqueries and Correlated Updates
        • Use of Table Tags when Updating
      • Deleting Data
        • Subqueries and Correlated Deletes
        • Use of Table Tags when Deleting
      • Stored Procedures
        • Instantiating RWDBStoredProc
        • Type and Error Checking in RWDBStoredProc
        • Complex Stored Procedure Example
      • Cursors
        • Instantiating an RWDBCursor
        • Bind Operations
        • Fetch Operation
        • Insert Operation
        • Delete Operation
        • Update Operation
      • asString() Methods in the Data Manipulation Classes
      • Summary
    • The Error Model
      • Overview
      • Checking Status with Class RWDBStatus
      • Error Handlers
      • Exceptions
      • More About Error Handlers
        • Kinds of Errors
        • Capturing Database-Dependent Information
      • More About isValid()
        • Defining a Valid Object
        • Making Unusable Objects Usable
      • Summary
    • The Data Model
      • The Problem of Diverse Data Types
      • The SourcePro DB Solution
      • The Database Layer
      • The Value Layer
        • RWCString
        • RWDateTime
          • Example
          • Constructors
        • RWTimeTuple and RWTimeTupleOffset
        • RWDBDuration
        • RWDBBlob
        • RWDecimalPortable
        • RWDBValue
        • Internationalization Data Types
      • The Pointer Layer
      • Summary
  • PART III Using Advanced Features
    • Bulk Reading and Writing
      • The Bulk Classes
      • Examples with Bulk Classes
        • Bulk Read and Writes
        • Bulk Classes and RWDBBlob
    • Caching
      • Caching and Performance
      • A Database Client Perspective
      • Caching When Inserting and Reading Data
        • Caching with RWDBInserter
        • Caching with RWDBReader
        • Restrictions On Caching with RWDBReader, RWDBInserter
        • Result Schema Caching
      • Metadata Caching and the Cache Manager
        • Types of Cacheable Data
        • Using the Cache Manager
        • Error Handling in the Cache Manager
        • Keeping the Cache Up-To-Date
        • The In-Memory Cache Manager
        • Implementing a Cache Manager
        • Example
    • Database and Connection Callbacks
      • Callback Functionality
      • Callback Locations
      • Callback Classes
      • Implementing Callbacks
        • Implementing Database Callbacks
          • Providing a Password using connParams()
        • Implementing Connection Callbacks
      • Callback Sequence
        • Callback sequence for a database callback and explicit connection callback
        • Callback sequence for a database callback producing a connection callback
      • Callback Example
    • Multithreading
      • The DB Interface Module and Multithread Safety
      • Levels of Multithread Support
      • Sharing Objects of the DB Interface Module Among Threads
      • Sharing an RWDBConnection
      • Database-Independent Classes
      • The Guard Class with Templates
      • Guard Classes Without Templates
      • Portable Guard Classes
    • Asynchronous Usage
      • Definition
      • Architectural Overview
      • Handling Asynchronous Call Completions
      • RWDBStatus Behavior in the Asynchronous Context
      • Asynchronous Usage Example
      • Handling C++ Datatype Returns from an Asynchronous Call
      • Asynchronous Calls in the DB Interface Module
        • Running Many Asynchronous Calls on a Single RWDBConnection
        • Performance Issues
      • Asynchronous RWDBReaders
    • Internationalization
      • Definition
      • Character Sets
        • National Character Sets and C++ Data Types
        • RWBasicUString
        • RWWString
        • RWDBMBString
        • RWCString
        • Data Definition Language
        • Using Schema Information from Result Tables
      • Data Formatting
        • RWDateTime
        • RWDate
        • RWDecimalPortable
        • Formatting Raw Numbers
  • PART IV Using Open SQL
    • Defining Open SQL
      • An Alternative API
      • Who Should Use Open SQL
      • A Summary of the Open SQL Classes
      • Open SQL and the Standard API
    • Using the Open SQL Classes
      • Class RWDBOSql
        • Creating an RWDBOSql Instance
        • Providing an SQL Statement
        • Statement Type Hint
        • Executing the SQL Statement
          • Error Handling
        • Obtaining the Results
      • Class RWDBTBuffer<T>
        • Instantiating RWDBTBuffer
        • Memory Management in RWDBTBuffer
        • Output Binding and Fetching Using RWDBTBuffer
        • Using RWDBTBuffers for Input
        • Bulk/Array Input
      • The Data Callback Classes
        • Fetching Data
        • Inserting Data
        • Implementing a Custom Callback Class
          • Implementing onFetch()
          • Implementing onSend()
          • Implementing getLength()
        • Using a Custom Callback Class with Open SQL
          • Fetching Data with a Custom Callback Class
          • Inserting Data with a Custom Callback Class
        • Other Resources
      • RWDBMultiRow
        • Using RWDBMultiRow for Ad Hoc Queries
        • Obtaining Data from RWDBMultiRow
  • PART V The Tutorials
    • A Tutorial Overview
      • Introduction
      • List of Tutorials
      • Setting up the Tutorials
      • The Tutorial Model
    • Retrieving Data from a Table
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
        • VVContactRepository Constructor
        • VVContactRepository::mailingLabels
        • operator>>() for VVContact
    • Retrieving Data Selectively
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
        • VVContactRepository::mailingLabels
        • VVContactRepository::reader
      • Conclusion
    • Inserting Data into a Table
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
        • VVContactRepository::insert
        • operator<<() for VVContact
      • Conclusion
    • Inserting and Updating Data
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
        • VVVideoRepository::updateStock
      • Conclusion
    • Deleting Rows from a Table
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
        • VVContactRepository::remove
      • Conclusion
    • A Complicated Query
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
      • Conclusion
    • Updating Data in Multiple Tables
      • Goal of This Tutorial
      • Overview of This Tutorial
      • Running the Program
      • Checking the Output
      • The Program
        • The Main Routine
        • VVInvoice::addRental
        • VVVideoRepository::find
        • VVVideoRepository::update
    • Appendix A, Glossary
      • Terms and Definitions
• DB XA Module User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
    • Product Features
    • Module-Specific Software Requirements
      • Establishing Connectivity with the DB XA Module
    • Products and Services Information
  • Overview
    • The Abstract X/Open DTP Model
    • The DB XA Module in the X/Open DTP Environment
  • Class Overview
    • The DB XA Module Classes
      • Database Class Enhancements
      • RWDBDatabase
      • RWDBConnection
  • Using the DB XA Module Database Classes
    • Database Classes in the DB XA Module
    • Getting Connected with the DB XA Module
    • Databases and Connections
      • Managing Connections
      • Transaction Processing
  • Using the DB Access Modules With XA Functionality
    • Overview
    • Oracle OCI Access Module
      • Configuring the Resource Manager
      • Switch Table
      • Databases and Connections
        • RWDBDatabase Objects
      • RWDBSystemHandle and RWDBEnvironmentHandle
    • Sybase Access Module
      • Configuring the Resource Manager
      • Switch Table
      • Databases and Connections
        • RWDBDatabase Objects
        • RWDBConnection Objects
      • The Contents of RWDBSystemHandle
      • The Contents of RWDBEnvironmentHandle
    • DB2 CLI Access Module
      • Configuring the Resource Manager
      • Switch Table
      • Databases and Connections
        • RWDBDatabase Objects
      • The Contents of RWDBSystemHandle
      • The Contents of RWDBEnvironmentHandle
  • Writing Applications with the DB XA Module
    • Overview
    • Designing Programs for the X/Open Environment
    • Moving from the DB Interface Module to the DB XA Module
    • Using Data Definition Language
    • Using SQL Statements through RWDBConnection::executeSQL()
    • Mixing XA and Non-XA Connections
  • Appendix A, Glossary
    • Terms and Definitions
• DB Access Module for DB2 CLI User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of DB Interface Module Datatypes
    • Expressions
      • Global Functions
      • Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Constraints
    • Cursors
    • Caching
      • Inserter Caching
      • Reader Caching
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
      • Support
    • Updater and Deleter
      • Use of Table Tags
    • Stored Procedures
      • Creating Stored Procedures
      • Executing Stored Procedures
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Internationalization
      • Data Bindings
      • Limitations
        • Metadata
        • Use of RWWString in Unicode Applications
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Error Messages
      • Errors and RWDBStatus
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Input Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to DB2 CLI Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and DB2 CLI
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
        • Piece Size Setting
        • RWDBDataCallback::getLength()
        • Stored Procedures and RWDBDataCallback
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Sequence of Fetching Result Sets and Out Parameters
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • An Open SQL Stored Procedure Example
    • Using Static Libraries with DB2 CLI Access Module and MS SQL Server Module
    • Callbacks
  • Appendix A, System Tables and Functions
    • System Tables
    • System Functions
• DB Access Module for Microsoft SQL Server User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of Datatypes
    • Expressions
      • Global Functions
      • Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Constraints
    • Cursors
    • Caching
      • Inserter Caching
      • Reader Caching
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
      • Support
    • Updater and Deleter
      • Use of Table Tags
    • Stored Procedures
      • Creating Stored Procedures
      • Executing Stored Procedures
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Internationalization
      • Prerequisites
      • Data Bindings
      • Limitations
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Error Messages
      • Errors and ODBC Conformance
      • Errors and RWDBStatus
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Using Text and Image Data
    • Input Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to Microsoft SQL Server Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and Microsoft SQL Server ODBC
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
        • Piece Size Setting
        • RWDBDataCallback::getLength()
        • Stored Procedures and RWDBDataCallback
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Sequence of Fetching Result Sets and Out Parameters
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • An Open SQL Stored Procedure Example
    • Using Static Libraries with MS SQL Server and DB2 CLI Access Modules
    • Callbacks
  • Appendix A, System Tables and Functions
    • System Tables
    • System Functions
• DB Access Module for MySQL User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of Datatypes
    • Expressions
      • Global Functions
      • Outer Joins
      • Full Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Constraints
      • Check Constraints
      • Adding or Dropping Constraints
    • Cursors
    • Caching
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
    • Updater and Deleter
      • Use of Table Tags
    • Stored Procedures
      • Creating Stored Procedures
      • Executing Stored Procedures
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Internationalization
    • Error Messages
      • Errors
      • Errors and RWDBStatus
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Input Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to MySQL Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and MySQL
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Sequence of Fetching Result Sets and Out Parameters
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • An Open SQL Stored Procedure Example
    • Callbacks
  • Appendix A, System Tables
    • System Tables
• DB Access Module for ODBC User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of Datatypes
    • Expressions
      • Table and Column Names
      • Global Functions
      • Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Constraints
      • Unique and Check Constraints
    • Cursors
    • Caching
      • Inserter Caching
      • Reader Caching
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
    • Updater and Deleter
      • Use of Table Tags
    • Stored Procedures
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Transactions
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Internationalization
      • Prerequisites
      • Data Bindings
      • Limitations
    • Error Messages
      • Errors and ODBC Conformance
      • Errors and RWDBStatus
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Input Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to ODBC Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and ODBC
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
        • Piece Size Setting
        • RWDBDataCallback::getLength()
        • Stored Procedures and RWDBDataCallback
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Sequence of Fetching Result Sets and Out Parameters
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • An Open SQL Stored Procedure Example
    • Callbacks
  • Appendix A, System Views
    • System Views
• DB Access Module for Oracle OCIUser’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of Datatypes
    • Expressions
      • Global Functions
      • rwdbCast()
      • Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Column Constraints
    • Cursors
    • Caching
    • Updater and Deleter
      • Use of Table Tags
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
    • Stored Procedures
      • Creating a Stored Procedure
      • Input/Output Parameters and Result Sets
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Internationalization
      • Prerequisites
        • Environment Variables
        • Database NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
        • Database Length Semantics
      • Data Bindings
      • Limitations
        • Using Oracle Datatypes NCHAR and NVARCHAR2
        • Metadata
        • Using RWWString in Unicode Applications
        • Using RWDBMBString in Unicode Applications
      • Date Formats
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Error Messages: Contents of RWDBStatus
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Large Character and Binary Data
    • Input Binding of Data
    • Output Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to Oracle OCI Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and Oracle OCI
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • Supported Datatypes for Output Binding
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
        • Piece Size Setting
        • RWDBDataCallback::getLength()
        • Stored Procedures and RWDBDataCallback
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Sequence of Fetching Result Sets and Out Parameters
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • An Open SQL Stored Procedure Example
      • OCIStmts
        • Simultaneous Processing of Results on an RWDBOSql Object When Used for Stored Procedure
    • Callbacks
  • Appendix A, System Tables, Views, and Functions
    • System Tables
    • System Views
    • System Functions
• DB Access Module for PostgreSQL User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
      • Examples of Opening a Database
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of Datatypes
      • Serial Columns in Tables
    • Expressions
      • Global Functions
      • Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Constraints
    • Cursors
    • Caching
      • Inserter Caching
      • Reader Caching
    • Updater and Deleter
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
    • Stored Procedures
      • Creating a Stored Procedure
      • Executing a Stored Procedure
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Internationalization
    • Error Messages
    • Errors and RWDBStatus
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Input Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to PostgreSQL Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and PostgreSQL
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Out Parameters and Return Values
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • Open SQL Stored Procedure Examples
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
    • Callbacks
    • Handling SQL Escape Strings
  • Appendix A, System Tables and Functions
    • System Tables
    • System Functions
• DB Access Module for Sybase User’s Guide
  • Introduction
    • Overview
  • Technical Information
    • Introduction
    • Databases and Connections
    • Datatypes
      • Restrictions on the Use of Datatypes
    • Expressions
      • Global Functions
      • Joins
        • Outer Joins
    • Table and Column Constraint Limitations
      • Identity Constraints
    • Caching
      • Inserter Caching
      • Reader Caching
    • Cursors
    • Updater and Deleter
    • BulkReader and BulkInserter
      • Using an RWDBBulkInserter
    • Stored Procedures
      • Creating a Stored Procedure
      • Executing Stored Procedures
      • Instantiating an RWDBStoredProc Using Schema Data
    • Internationalization and Localization
      • Prerequisites
      • Changing Locales on the Fly
      • Data Binding
      • Limitations
      • RWWString
      • Date Formats
    • Transaction Processing
      • Setting Isolation Levels
      • Using Transaction Control Methods
    • Error Messages: Contents of RWDBStatus
      • Reporting Errors from Client-Library and CS‑Library
      • Reporting Errors from Adaptive Server
    • Result Sets
      • Simultaneous Processing of Results from Multiple Statements Using the Same Connection
    • Text and Image Data
    • Input Binding of Data
    • Output Binding of Data
    • System and Environment Handles to Sybase Specific Resources
    • Open SQL and Sybase Open Client Client-Library
      • Placeholder Syntax
      • Supported Datatypes for Input Binding
      • Supported Datatypes for Output Binding
      • Bulk Inserts and Bulk Input Binding
      • RWDBDataCallback and Open SQL
        • Piece Size Setting
        • Changing the Maximum Fetch Size
        • RWDBDataCallback::getLength()
        • Stored Procedures and RWDBDataCallback
      • Stored Procedures and Open SQL
        • Sequence of Fetching Result Sets and Out Parameters
      • Simultaneous Result Processing
        • Simultaneous Results Processing of RWDBOSql Objects on the Same Connection
        • Simultaneous Results Processing of High-Level Objects of the DB Interface Module Using the Same Connection
      • Executing Cancel in Open SQL
      • Open SQL Examples
        • An Open SQL Insert Example
        • Open SQL Query Examples
        • An Open SQL Stored Procedure Example
    • Callbacks
  • Appendix A, System Tables, Functions and Variables
    • System Tables
    • System Functions
    • System Variables

DB Interface Module User’s Guide

System Variables